Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
room temperature can result in elongation and fragmentation of initially intact cells to
form cellular fragments capable of crawling. This drug is a well-established inhibitor
of protein kinase C (Tamaoki et al.
1986
) and it has been used successfully in the past
to form fragments from fi sh keratocytes (Verkhovsky et al.
1999b
).
The process of cell fragment formation from fi sh keratocytes is illustrated in
Fig.
3.1a
, and the obtained fragment is shown in Fig.
3.1b
. Keratocytes begin to
elongate 2 min after staurosporine addition, indicating that the drug has immediate
Fig. 3.1
Formation of lamella fragments from fi sh keratocytes (Okeyo et al.
2009
). (
a
) Time- lapse
images showing the progress of fragmentation.
White arrow
in the
bottom panel
indicates polar-
ized and freely locomoting fragment. (
b
) Phase-contrast image of polarized fragment.
(
c
) Appearance of F-actin network in polarized fragment fi xed and labeled with rhodamine-
phalloidin. Scale bars are 10
m in (
b
) and (
c
) (Adapted with permission from
Elsevier Ltd.: [Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications], copyright (2009))
ʼ
m in (
a
), and 5
ʼ
