Design Concept of Topographical and Mechanical Properties of Synthetic Extracellular Matrix to Control Cell Functions and Fates Through Actin Cytoskeletal Modulation - Innovative Approaches to Cell Biomechanics - page 162

Table 11.1 Actin cytoskeletal control of stem cell differentiation

Actin cytoskeleton-related parameters in mechanochemical signal transduction

Type of
differentiation Cell type Actin Integrin, adhesion complex Others Refs.

Human MSC Osteogenesis Mature and elongated focal

adhesions

Kilian et al. ( 2010 )
Khetan et al. ( 2013 )
McBeath et al. ( 2004 )
Engler et al. ( 2006 )
Trappmann et al. ( 2012 )

Robust network of stress fi bers,
contractile

RhoA, ROCK,
MAPK, JNK, ERK

Myogenesis Moderately bundled stress fi bers Punctate adhesions - Engler et al. ( 2006 )

Adipogenesis Diffuse and unpolymerized,

disrupted contractility

Limited adhesion - Kilian et al. ( 2010 )

Khetan et al. ( 2013 )
McBeath et al. ( 2004 )
Trappmann et al. ( 2012 )

Neurogenesis Diffuse and unpolymerized Diffuse contacts - Engler et al. ( 2006 )

Neurogenesis Stress fi bers stretched along one

direction

- - Yim et al. ( 2007 )

Retaining stem
cell phenotype

Contractile stress fi bers Regularly distributed below the

level normally found in vivo

RhoA, ROCK, ERK McMurray et al. ( 2011 )

Active FAK

ES cell Retaining stem

cell phenotype

Transverse arc parallel to cell
periphery

No focal adhesion - Kong et al. ( 2013 )

Higher survival
rate

Less contractile - RhoA, ROCK Ohgushi et al. ( 2010 )

Watanabe et al. ( 2007 )

iPS cell Higher survival

rate

Less contractile - RhoA, ROCK Ohgushi et al. ( 2010 )

Epidermal
stem cell

Terminal
differentiation

Arranged in a dense cortical shell Diffuse contacts - Connelly et al. ( 2010 )

No differentiation Robust network of stress fi bers Mature focal adhesions Cofi lin Connelly et al. ( 2010 )