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60
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W
40
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W
10
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S
10
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S
B
A
Eucalyptus
F
Native / Pinus
E
G
H
C
J
I
D
Pinus
States
30 . 00
30
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S
S
0
250
500
1000 km
N
W
Figure 5.3 The location of 10 experimental catchments used for hydrological monitoring forest plantations in Brazil,
showing the predominant tree species. See Table 5.1 for details of sites A-J.
60
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Alagoinhas site (B), but over 300 mm per year
in catchments located in the wetter region of
Telemaco Borba (Table 5.1). Telemaco Borba is
characterized by evenly distributed rainfall and
deep, fertile soils which result in high pine
wood growth and a proportionately higher water
consumption in the plantation. The Telemaco
Borba results also showed that catchment-scale
evapotranspiration (P EC -Q) of pine plantation was
155 mm higher than that of native forest (sites I
and J; Table 5.1), a pattern consistent with results
reported by Swank and Douglass (1975).
Another factor related to the variation of
evapotranspiration is relative water availability
in the catchment. This can be expressed as a
percentage ratio of annual water surplus to annual
precipitation. The average values of this ratio
for the three different groupings of catchments
presented in Table 5.1 are 11%, 26% and 33%,
respectively.
The
corresponding
values
for
the
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