Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
TABLE 13.1
Adaptation Practices Corresponding to Basic Types of Adaptation
Community Level
Agency Level
Type of
Adaptation
Individually
Undertaken
Collectively
Undertaken
Individual
Community
Mobility
Wage labor
migration,
remittances
(together with
market exchange)
Agropastoral
migration, wage labor
migration,
involuntary
migration,
remittances (together
with market
exchange)
Relocation
expenses to less
vulnerable area
Aid to a
community to
relocate together
Storage
Water storage, food
storage, live animal
storage
Water storage, food
storage (crops, seeds,
forest products),
animal/live storage,
dikes, embankments
Distribution to
individuals of
containers for
water or for
seed
Aid in building
storage facilities
and small
reservoirs, crop
intensification
programs
Diversiication
Asset portfolio
diversification, skills
and occupational
training, diversify
crop choices,
production
technologies,
consumption
choices, agroforestry
Community animal
breeding programs,
collective enterprises
Offer individual
courses
Provide
community
capacity for new
collective
enterprises,
including
agroforestry
Communal
pooling
Forestry, infrastructure
development,
information
gathering, disaster
preparation
Build water
capturing
infrastructure
for individual
households
Support building
water-capturing
infrastructure
Market
exchange
Product sales, sell
property, sell labor
Improved market
access; seeds, animal,
and other input
purchases;
remittances (in
conjunction with
mobility)
Insurance
provision
Insurance
provision, social
safety nets,
transfer payments
Mobilization
Refusal to move
Collective petition to
government
Link to
international
movements with
similar concerns
Source:
Adapted from Agrawal, A. and N. Perrin. 2008. Climate adaptation, local institutions, and rural liveli-
hoods. IFRI (International Forestry Resources and Institutions Program) working paper #W08I-6.
