Agroforestry for Small Landholders of Eastern and Southern Africa - Soil Management of Smallholder Agriculture - page 245

FIGURE 11.4 Smallholder farmer feeding a mixture of rich tree fodder and crop residue to
her dairy animal in Kenya. (From ICRAF.)

Both traditional and introduced fertilizer trees have been used to improve small-
holder farm productivity. In parkland agroforestry (Figure 11.5), large-statured trees,
such as Faidherbia , have been intercropped with cereal crops across Africa for many
generations (Wood 1992). Faidherbia is a long-lived tree that provides nutrient-rich
biomass to cropping and livestock systems, and requires little space and labor, but is
a slow-growing species that may take a decade after planting to make an appreciable
impact on farming systems.

FIGURE 11.5 Faidherbia albida parkland with maize in Tanzania. (From ICRAF.)