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the driver of the vehicle involved in the accident that help is on the
way (Asendorpf, 2011).
Biundo and Wendemuth (2010, also refer to the research request
by SFB-TRR 62 2 ) describe companion systems as cognitive-technical
systems, whose functionality is completely adapted to the individuality
of its user. Companion systems are personalized in respect to the user's
abilities, preferences, requirements and current needs, and reflect
the user's situation and emotional state. They are always available,
cooperative and trustworthy, and interact with their users as competent
and cooperative service partners. The functionality named in the work
definition is not further explained in detail, but it lists, as a central
assistance function of a companion system, planning and decision-
making systems with which the user and system are equally confronted.
The assistance function is a decision-making support function which
provides the user with options and the respective reasons that the
user can then accept or reject. Companion technologies are therefore
not only intended to be an improved interface. Furthermore, they
should make the functionalities of the technical systems individually
available, but also make new, complex application domains feasible.
The following are often cited as applications or domains:
￿ Assistant for technical devices
￿ Household and telecommunication devices
￿ Entertainment electronics
￿ Ticket dispensing machines
￿ Medical assistance systems
￿ Telemedicine
￿ Organizational assistants
￿ Health prevention
￿ Support systems for patients in rehabilitation clinics
￿ Support systems for individuals with limited cognitive abilities
and much more.
In all these application domains, planning and decision-making
processes play an important role. In some examples such as telemedicine
or organizational assistance, they have top priority with regard to the
explicit functionality (Wendemuth and Biundo, 2012). Immediate
emotions have an impact on information processing, planning and
decision making (Loewenstein and Lerner, 2003). Emotions are
therefore considered not only as a subjectively experienced emotional
2 www.sfb-trr-62.de
 
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