Geology Reference
In-Depth Information
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Further reading:
K177, K190
carbonate residues. The platform exhibits two major
facies, mud-dominated and grain-dominated lime-
stones. Maximum thickness is 150 m. The size of the
platform is difficult to evaluate owing to the strong tec-
tonic faulting in the whole region, but might be within
the range of several kilometers.
Fig. 15.15 shows the distribution of facies and sub-
facies types representing Facies Zones FZ 9A (tidal
flat), FZ 8 (lagoon), FZ 7 (open platform) and FZ 6
(platform margin sands) of the Wilson Model. Other
photographs of Sulzfluh limestone samples can be
found on Pl. 53/3 (porostromate cyanobacteria), Pl. 62/
2, 3, 6 (dasyclad algae), Pl. 69/4, 6, 10 (foraminifera)
and Pl. 127/3 (microfacies).
The facies and biota of the isolated Sulzfluh plat-
form are similar in many respects to the Late Jurassic
Plassen platforms of the Northern Calcareous Alps, al-
though the Sulzfluh and Plassen platforms originated
in different paleo-oceans.
15.6.3.2 A Middle Devonian Ramp from Graz,
Southern Austria
Many Devonian shallow-marine limestones are amaz-
ingly uniform all over the world with regard to their
gross biotic composition, which includes predominantly
tabulate and rugose corals, stromatoporoids, brachio-
pods and crinoids. These organisms occur in platform
and ramp settings as well in large reefs formed at the
margins of attached and isolated platforms and in
smaller reefs formed on platforms. Pl. 135 exhibits
some common and widely distributed types of Devo-
nian limestones formed in ramp settings. Ramp depos-
its can be differentiated in more detail using the taxo-
nomic composition of fossil assemblages.
15.6.3.3 A Late Jurassic/Early Cretaceous
Ramp from the Subsurface of Southern Bavaria,
Germany
Late Jurassic/earliest Cretaceous homoclinal carbon-
ate ramps covered by Tertiary sediments of the Molasse
trough have been studied in the course hydrocarbon
exploration in southern Germany. The main targets were
reef structures and shallow-marine sand bodies. Com-
mon microfacies types are shown on Pl. 136.
Basics: Carbonate platforms and ramps
Blomeier, D.P.G., Reijmer, J.J.G. (1999): Drowning of a
Lower Jurassic carbonate platform: Jbel Bou Dahar, High
Atlas, Morocco. - Facies,
41
, 81-110
Erlich, R.N., Barrett, S.F., Ju, G.B. (1990): Seismic and geo-
logic characteristics of drowning events on carbonate plat-
