Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
TABLE 18.1
Anticoagulant Activities of Heparins and Covalent Antithrombin-Heparin Complexes
Activity
Antifactor Xa Catalytic Activity
(U mg
-1
)
Antithrombin Catalytic Activity
(U mg
-1
)
APTT of Mod.
Heparin (%
Start. Heparin)
FXa
Reaction Rate
(M
−
1
s
−
1
)
ATH
+
Start.
Heparin
Start.
Heparin
Mod.
Heparin
Start.
Heparin
Mod.
Heparin
Thrombin
Reaction Rate (M
−
1
s
−
1
)
ATH
+
Methods
ATH
ATH
1
High-afi nity
UFH
65
±
5
250
191
±
28
—
—
—
—
—
—
2
High-afi nity
UFH
56
±
7
250
153
±
34
270
—
—
—
2.1
×
10
6
6.7
×
10
8
3
UFH modii ed
to LMWH
—
∼
170
(UFH)
140 (LMWH)
5.2
∼
170 (UFH)
0 (LMWH)
0
—
—
4
UFH
—
168
—
Low
168
—
Low
—
6.7
×
10
7
5
UFH
100
209
209
861
198
198
754
3.8
×
10
6
3.1
×
10
9
Start. heparin, Initial source of heparin used for studies; APTT, activated partial thromboplastin time; Mod. heparin, activated heparin used for conjugation with antithrombin; ATH,
covalent antithrombin-heparin complex; UFH, unfractionated heparin; LMWH, low molecular weight heparin. Methods
: (1) ATH prepared by tolylene-2,4-diisothiocyanate linkage of
N-desulfated high-afi nity heparin to antithrombin;
231
(2) ATH prepared by tolylene-2,4-diisothiocyanate linkage of hexyl-amino substituted high-afi nity heparin to antithrombin;
231,246,272
(3) ATH prepared by reduction by NaBH
3
CN of Schiff base between aldehyde on high-afi nity anhydromannose-terminating heparin and amino on antithrombin;
247,249
(4) ATH prepared by
reaction of CNBr-activated heparin and antithrombin;
250,251
and (5) ATH prepared by Amadori rearrangement of Schiff base between aldehyde on aldose-terminating unfractionated heparin
and amino on antithrombin.
141,261,264
