Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
7.
Four-step sucrose gradient with 0.4 M, 0.8 M, 1.2
M
and 2
M
sucrose: prepare
stock solutions of 0.4 M, 0.8 M, 1.2
M
, and 2
M
sucrose in Buffer A. Take a clear
4-mL centrifugal tube and add 850
µ
L 2
M
sucrose, then overlay with 850
µ
L
1.2
M
and 850
µ
L 0.8 M, followed by 600
µ
L of 0.4
M
sucrose.
2.3. Vesicle Analysis
2.3.1. Protein Determination
1.
BSA standard, 0.2 mg/ml
2.
0.15% Na-deoxycholate: dissolve 15 mg Na-deoxycholate in 10 mL distilled
H
2
O, store at -20
°
C.
3.
72-100 % (w/v) TCA: Dissolve 100 g TCA (72-100%) in distilled water to a
final volume of 100 mL.
4.
1% (w/v) CuSO
4
, store at 4
°
C.
5.
2% (w/v) Na-K-tartrate, store at 4
°
C.
6.
10% (w/v) SDS, store at room temperature.
7.
0.8
M
NaOH, store at room temperature.
8.
Solution A: Dissolve 200
µ
g Na
2
CO
3
in 1600
µ
L H
2
O, add 200
µ
L 1% CuSO
4
and
200
µ
L 2% Na-K-tartrate, add 2 mL 10% SDS, 2 mL 0.8M NaOH, and 10 mL H
2
O.
9.
Solution B: Dilute Folin-Ciocalteau-reagent (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) 1:6
with distilled water.
2.3.2. Phosphorus Determination
1.
Perchloric acid, not exceeding 72%.
2.
10% ascorbic acid, freshly prepared and stored at -20
°
C at the latest for 1 mo.
3.
Molybdate reagent: To 2.2 g (NH
4
)
6
Mo
7
O
24
*4 H
2
O add 14.3 mL H
2
SO
4
,
95-98% and then slowly add distilled water to 1000 mL. Prevent from
exposure to light.
4.
X100 phosphate standard, 40 m
M
,: To 712.0 mg Na
2
HPO
4
*2H
2
O add distilled
water to a final volume of 100 mL. Dilute to X1 phosphate standard, 400
µ
M
,
standard, store at -20
°
C.
5.
Phosphate-free, disposable glass tubes (borate glass).
2.3.3. Electron Microscopy
1.
2% (v/v) Na-phosphotungstate in distilled water, adjusted to pH 7.0, sterile fil-
tered through a 0.22-
µ
m filter prior to use.
2.
Collodion carbon grids, glow discharged for 30-45 s in a glow discharger.
2.4. Vesicle Fusion
1.
Buffer C: 20 m
M
Tris-HCl pH 7.4, 150 m
M
NaCl, 1 m
M
CaCl
2
, 1 m
M
MgCl
2
,
1 m
M
MnCl
2
. Dissolve MnCl
2
directly before the buffer is used (
see
Note 5
).
2.
Detergent for cleaning the quartz slides: Linbro 7X-PF (ICN Flow Biochemicals,
Costa Mesa, CA), diluted 1:6 with distilled water, can be used five times for washing.
3.
Quartz slides.
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