Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
2.
Unlike electroporation and blastocyst injection, routine culturing of ES cells does
not need to achieve single-cell suspension after trypsinization.
3.
The quality of the injection pipet is critical and particular attention should be
paid to the type of glass that is used, the way the end of the pipet is bent and the
dimension and sharpness of the tip.
4.
Successful germ-line transmission is usually obtained with >60% chimerism. It
is, therefore, best to inject many independent ES clones several times in order to
identify those yielding the highest chimeras that will then be mated to test germ-
line transmission.
References
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Vuorio, E., de Crombrugghe, B., and Behringer, R. R. (1994) Normal long bone
growth and development in type X collagen-null mice. Nature Genet . 8, 129-135.
3. Andrikopoulos, K., Liu, X., Keene, D. R., Jaenisch, R., and Ramirez, F. (1995)
Targeted mutation in the col5a2 gene reveals a regulatory role for type V collagen
during matrix assembly. Nature Genet. 9, 31-36.
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Reinhardt, D. P., Sakai, L. Y., Biery, N. J., Bunton, T., Dietz, H. C., and
Ramirez, F. (1997) Targeting of the gene encoding fibrillin-1 recapitulates the
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tion of a DNA polymerase beta gene segment in T cells using cell type-specific
gene targeting. Science 265, 103-106.
6. Wurst, W. and Joyner, A. L. (1993) Production of targeted embryonic stem cell
clones, in Gene Targeting (Joyner, A. L., ed.), IRL, Oxford, UK, pp. 33-61.
7. Sambrook, E., Fritsch, E. F., and Maniatis, T. (1989) Molecular Cloning: A Labo-
ratory Manual. Cold Spring Harbor, Cold Spring Harbor, NY.
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