Geology Reference
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formation, existence and preservation of the accumulations and the carrier
of indications of communication with hydrocarbons.
Thus, the main issues in hydrodynamic and hydrochemical studies are:
t Identification of the role played by geo-fluid-dynamic
factors in the formation and placement of hydrocarbon
accumulations.
t Establishment of objective attributes enabling the determi-
nation of natural fluid including hydrocarbon migration
mechanism.
t Evaluation of accumulative capacity of waterhead complexes
and geo-fluid-dynamic systems, and the possibility of the
formation of oil and gas accumulation zones in them.
t Determination of boundary conditions resulting in com-
mercial oil and gas occurrences on local structures.
t Identification of qualitative and quantitative criteria for
hydrocarbon saturation.
t Forecasting the types of explored accumulations and fields
and a preliminary evaluation of their reserves based on geo-
fluid-dynamic data.
Massive amounts of geologic information collected over years of petro-
leum exploration and production in the Alpine mobile belts provides an
opportunity to solve these issues on a quantitative basis with reliability of
the results.
7.1
Role of Abnormally High Pressure in the
Formation, Placement and Forecast of Regional
and Local Oil and Gas Occurrences
Some regions and stratigraphic complexes are poorly explored, geologically
complex, and have unclear spatial distribution of hydrocarbon accumula-
tions and relatively uncertain oil and gas potential. For them it is important
to use patterns in the development, preservation and relaxation of abnor-
mally high pore (AHPP) and formation (AHFP) pressures as indicators of
migration processes and formation environment of accumulations, there-
fore, probable type and nature of the exploration criteria (Durmishyan,
Muradian and Rachinsky, 1980).
The hydrodynamical environment of the deposits provide for the com-
paction of clay series. It is accompanied by the squeeze-out of pore fluids
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