Geology Reference
In-Depth Information
t
Neftyanye Kamni field (beside a temperature anomaly in the
mud volcano area the temperature near faults is higher by
6-8°С compared with more quiescent areas of the structure).
t
Artem Isl. and Sulu-Tepe fields (elevated to 18°С temperature
tracks the faults, etc. (Mekhtiyev, Yakubov and Rachinsky,
1968; Mekhtiyev, Geodekian and Rachinsky, 1973; Rachinsky
and Muradian, 1983; Rachinsky and Kuliyev, 1984).
In the Los Angeles Basin: the Long beach field with temperature in the
crestal zone by 5-7°С higher than in less deformed subsided areas (Carlson,
1930; Van-Ostrand, 1934).
In the Zagros Trough: Haft-Kel field; there, over maximum fractured
crest and in the near-crestal areas of the carbonate Asmari reservoir at
1,500 m depth the temperature is 10.5-11°С higher that on the flanks
(Van-Ostrand, 1941).
In the Vienna depression: in a number of fields the surface discharges
of thermal ground water in the most faulted parts of highs are located in
the areas of contrasting temperature anomalies, 10-15°С higher than the
background (356, 353).
In the Carpathian Trough: Borislav field where a 10-12°С geother-
mal anomaly is recorded in the faulted crestal zone (Osadchy; Lurye and
Yerofeyev, 1976).
In the Tersk-Caspian Trough: in some areas of the Karabulak-Achaluki,
Malgobek-Voznesensk, Orlinoye, Eldarovo and Khayan-Kort fields adja-
cent to the intersection of large faults the temperature is 10-20°С higher
compared with the background (Sergiyenko, 1971).
All these disruptions in the geothermal field are usually spatially asso-
ciated with piezometric minima, positive and negative hydro-geochemical,
palynologic, isotope and other anomalies of the respective fields correspond-
ing with the drainage situation of the depth ground water (see Chapters 2, 3).
Taking into account the origin of the quoted local temperature excess
over regional background values, it is possible to estimate heat flow's con-
vective component as a ratio of temperature difference between the anom-
alies and outside them, to temperature within the anomalies. Calculations
show that in the fields of the South Caspian
Depression the geothermal
fraction due to heat transfer by the migrating water is 7-18%. In the Los
Angeles Basin it is up to 17%. In the Zagros Trough, 8-15%; in the Vienna
depression, up to 18%; in the Carpathian Trough, up to 20%; and in the
Tersk-Caspian Trough up to 15%.
The data quoted above show that heat flow on the local structures of
the South Caspian Depression, beside the conductive component caused
