Geology Reference
In-Depth Information
t
All over the basin the geothermal parameters clearly cor-
relate with structural parameters of local highs (faults per
unit area; structure steepness; surface geometry and PT-KT
thickness); with geobaric parameters of the structures (for-
mation and pore pressure abnormality factors, depth and
thickness of AHFP and AHPP zones); with hydrodynamic
conditions of local structures (depth of transition from the
hard water to the alkaline, their distance from the PT-KT
base, extent of the section's fill-up with alkaline varieties)
(see Chapter 6).
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The convective component forms local positive geother-
mal anomalies against the regional conductive background.
These anomalies are spatially associated with hydrogeo-
chemical, piezometric, isotope, palynologycal distortions of
the respective fields and genetically closely associated with
functioning of the cross-flow/injection mechanisms. They
are usually concentrated in a geologic environment where
a set of geologic factors provides for the vertical hydraulic
conductivity between well-heated lower and cooled upper
section's intervals. Different conductivity of fluid-conduct-
ing paths in different areas and parts of structures causes
mosaic nature of their temperature field corresponding with
their tectono-block architecture.
Moderate (for a particular area) geothermal gradients in each area of
the basin in the intervals of the main (for a particular area) PT-KT pro-
ductivity combined with relatively high temperature at
−
1,000 m subcrop
np
and normalized for the base of the complex (
and with relatively
moderate AHFP baric gradients (thermodynamic system with
“elevated
temperatures - moderate thermal and baric gradients”
) indicate the geo-
logic environment of relative temperature leveling (decreasing in the rate
of change) in the vertical section of the structures as a result of variable
intensity in the hydrodynamic conductivity between heated lower and
cooled upper intervals. (Correspondingly, maximum gradient values
match the environment of limited or absent water-exchange. This elimi-
nates a possibility for the accumulations to form. Minimum gradient val-
ues match the environment of an intense fluid-mass transfer resulting in
the impossibility of the preservation and in the destruction of hydrocar-
bon accumulations.)
In the areas where such combination of the stated parameters is observed,
hydrogeochemical, baric, isotope, palynologic and other disruptions of the
t
PS(RS)
)
