Cardiovascular Therapeutics - Applications of Biotechnology in Cardiovascular Therapeutics - page 19

Table 1.2 Strategies for cardioprotection
Control of risk factors for heart disease
Atherosclerosis
Hypercholesterolemia
Hypertension
Protection against reperfusion injury
Acadesine: increase local adenosine levels
Atrial natriuretic peptide (infusion)
Calcium channel blockers
Cyclosporine: inhibition of mPTP
Ischemic preconditioning
Nicorandil: K AT P channel opener and NO donor
Nitroprusside: nitric oxide-based therapeutics
Other pharmaceuticals approaches
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors
Aldosterone receptor antagonists
Antioxidants
Antiplatelet agents: aspirin
Beta blockers: nebivololum, carvedelol
dsRNA analog Poly(I:C) targeting Toll-like receptor 3
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) carrier: ETC-216
Hormones: e.g., growth hormone, testosterone
Monoclonal antibodies: e.g. pexelizumab
Resveratrol
Statins
Biological therapies
Cell therapy
Gene therapy
Minimally invasive procedures
Coronary angioplasty and stenting
Thrombolysis
Surgical procedures
Coronary bypass operation
Surgery under cardioprotective inhalation anesthetics
Non-pharmacological approaches
Caloric restriction
Exercise
Nutritional measures
Hyperbaric oxygen
Pharmaceutical approaches include those for control of risk factors such as
hypertension and atherosclerosis as well as antioxidants, hormones (e.g., testoster-
one), and nitric oxide-based therapeutics. Non-pharmaceutical approaches include
exercise, nutritional measures, and hyperbaric oxygen. Biological therapies include
stem cell-based therapies and gene therapy. Surgical procedures include those for
myocardial revascularization or for temporary support of circulation and oxygen-
ation, and may be combined with cardioprotective inhalation anesthetics.