Identification of Carotenoids in Photosynthetic Proteins: Xanthophylls of the Light Harvesting Antenna - Carotenoids: Physical, Chemical, and Biological Functions and Properties - page 129

0.6

4K

0.5

488.0

0.4

0.3 514.5

0.2

Zea

0.1

0.0

Vio

-0.1

360 380 400 420 440 460 480 500 520 540 560 580

(a) Wavelength (nm)

3500

20

3000

1520

15

1527

Vio

10

2500

5

Z ea

2000

0

460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530

Resonance wavelength (nm)

1003

1500

Vio

1006

Zea

1000

500

0

1000 1100 1200 1475 1500 1525 1550

(b)

Wavenumber (cm -1 )

FIGURE 7.10 (a) 4K absorption spectra of thylakoid membranes containing violaxanthin (upper curve) and
enriched in zeaxanthin after 80% of deepoxidation of violaxanthin (lower curve) and the deepoxidized-minus-
epoxidized difference spectrum (dashed line). Zea and Vio indicate 0-0 absorption maxima of zeaxanthin and
violaxanthin on the absorption difference spectrum. Arrows indicate spectral positions of the laser lines used
to obtain resonance Raman spectra. (b) Calculated resonance Raman spectra of in vivo violaxanthin (bottom
curve) and zeaxanthin (top curve). Inset: n 1 Raman intensity dependence upon the resonance wavelength for
thylakoid membranes before (Vio) and after (Zea) violaxanthin deepoxidation.