Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Process
EROI
Oil and gas (1930)
> 100
Oil and gas (1970)
30
Oil and gas (today)
11-18
Coal (1950)
100
Coal (today)
18-80
Natural gas
7
Bitumen from tar sands
2-4
Shale oil
5
Hydrogen
0.67-2.5
Ethanol from sugarcane
0.8-10
Ethanol from corn
0.8-1.6
Biodiesel
1.3-5.5
Electricity from coal
14-43
Electricity from coal after CCS
4-24
Electricity from natural gas
6-26
Electricity from nuclear fuels
4-68
*
Electricity from hydropower
50-260
Electricity from photovoltaics
4-12
