Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
x MC
0. 0 25
0 .05 0
0.0 7 5
0 . 100
0.1 2 5
V6 calorimetry
V6 NMR
V3 calorimetry
HD5 calorimetry
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
0.06
0.08
0.10
0.12
0.14
0.16
x SC
Fig. 21 Values of latent heat ( L ) for side-chain LCEs (with V6 and V3 crosslinkers) and main-
chain LCEs (HD5 crosslinker) for various values of crosslinking density x SC ( bottom axis , applies
to side-chains) and crosslinker concentration x MC ( top axis , applies to main-chains). The latent-
heat values determined for the V6 crosslinkers by (14) are also displayed. Data taken from [ 4 , 7 ]
coexisting nematic and paranematic phases at the transition temperature T PN-N ,
whereas
1 mg/mm 3 ). The absolute value of
r
is the density of the LCE network (
r
the LdG parameter
here represents a scaling parameter whose optimal value is
adjusted by comparing the measured (calorimetry) and the calculated (NMR)
values of L . As can be seen in Fig. 21 , the dependences of the measured and
calculated values of L on the crosslinking density of LCE exhibit a very good
agreement.
Taking into account the obtained values of the w G ( G ) parameters, the recorded
NMR spectra (Fig. 19 ) and the measured values of latent heat L , one can state that
LCEs with lower crosslinker concentrations ( x SC
a
0.075, x MC
0.04) exhibit a
prevalently subcritical behaviour, whereas the LCEs with higher crosslinker con-
centrations ( x SC
0.12) exhibit a prevalently supercritical behaviour.
In LCEs with intermediate concentrations the smeared criticality is most evident.
Although being on average supercritical (judging from the value of
0.15, x MC
/ G C ), the
features of below-criticality such as a nonzero L and a pronounced broadening of
the 2 H-NMR spectral line at the phase transition are still present.
Thus, the increase of the crosslinking density in the LCEs results in a shift of
their phase-transition behaviour towards and beyond supercritical. As this trend is
now confirmed for both the side- and main-chain nematic LCEs, i.e. two LCE
families with drastically different crosslinking topologies, it can be anticipated that
the link between the crosslinking concentration and the phase-transition criticality
holds universally for most types of LCEs.
hGi
 
 
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