Travel Reference
In-Depth Information
1827
Elias Lönnrot makes the first of his song-collecting journeys into remote Karelian forests, which
culminate in the publication ofKalevala,the national epic.
1853
As part of the Russian Empire, Finland is involved in the Crimean War, with British troops destroy-
ing fortifications at Loviisa, Helsinki and Bomarsund.
1899
The Tsar implements a policy of Russification in Finland, and attempts to impose the Russian lan-
guage on the country. Widespread protests result and campaigns for independence gain
strength.
1917
Finland declares independence from the Soviet Union. Shortly afterwards the Finnish Civil War
breaks out between the communist Reds and the establishment Whites.
1920
Relations with the Soviets are normalised by the Treaty of Tartu, which sees Finnish territory ex-
pand to its largest point ever, including the Petsamo region in the far northeast.
1939
The Winter War sees the Soviet Union invade Finland. After 15 weeks of fighting in subzero condi-
tions, Finland is forced to cede a substantial amount of territory.
1948
The 'friendship and cooperation' treaty is signed between Finland and the Soviet Union.
1950
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