INTRODUCTION - Structured Computer Organization - page 14

Year Name Made by Comments

1834 Analytical Engine Babbage First attempt to build a digital computer

1936 Z1 Zuse First working relay calculating machine

1943 COLOSSUS British gov't First electronic computer

1944 Mark I Aiken First American general-purpose computer

1946 ENIAC Eckert/Mauchley Modern computer history starts here

1949 EDSAC Wilkes First stored-program computer

1951 Whirlwind I M.I.T. First real-time computer

1952 IAS Von Neumann Most current machines use this design

1960 PDP-1 DEC First minicomputer (50 sold)

1961 1401 IBM Enormously popular small business machine

1962 7094 IBM Dominated scientific computing in the early 1960s

1963 B5000 Burroughs First machine designed for a high-level language

1964 360 IBM First product line designed as a family

1964 6600 CDC First scientific supercomputer

1965 PDP-8 DEC First mass-market minicomputer (50,000 sold)

1970 PDP-11 DEC Dominated minicomputers in the 1970s

1974 8080 Intel First general-purpose 8-bit computer on a chip

1974 CRAY-1 Cray First vector supercomputer

1978 VAX DEC First 32-bit superminicomputer

1981 IBM PC IBM Started the modern personal computer era

1981 Osborne-1 Osborne First portable computer

1983 Lisa Apple First personal computer with a GUI

1985 386 Intel First 32-bit ancestor of the Pentium line

1985 MIPS MIPS First commercial RISC machine

1985 XC2064 Xilinx First field-programmable gate array (FPGA)

1987 SPARC Sun First SPARC-based RISC workstation

1989 GridPad Grid Systems First commercial tablet computer

1990 RS6000 IBM First superscalar machine

1992 Alpha DEC First 64-bit personal computer

1992 Simon IBM First smartphone

1993 Newton Apple First palmtop computer (PDA)

2001 POWER4 IBM First dual-core chip multiprocessor

Figure 1-4. Some milestones in the development of the modern digital computer.

well. In effect, Leibniz had built the equivalent of a four-function pocket calcula-
tor three centuries ago.
Nothing much happened for the next 150 years until a professor of mathemat-
ics at the University of Cambridge, Charles Babbage (1792-1871), the inventor of