Java Reference
In-Depth Information
3.1.3 Web Application Technologies
Web applications can be developed and deployed using a variety of programming environments
and on many platforms. A host of programming environments such as Java, C/C++, .NET, Perl,
Python, PHP, and so on, coupled with tools and frameworks are capable of creating Web applica-
tions for the needs and requirements of the organizations.
Some of the prominent and key technologies that are currently being used to develop and
deploy Web applications are ASP and .NET from Microsoft and Java and Java EE (or J2EE) from
Sun Microsystems. A host of tools and frameworks for each of these individual technologies enable
the Web developers to develop, test, and deploy Web applications.
3.1.4 Java as Mainstream Web Application Technology
Java and Java Enterprise Edition (Java EE) technologies form the largest and the most frequently
employed technology for creating Web applications within the enterprise world. Supported and
propped by the industry consortia and communities, Java Platform Enterprise Edition has proven
to be the preferred solution for enterprise applications. here are a number of compelling factors
that can be attributed to the popularity and preferentiality of Java Enterprise Edition as a platform
of choice for enterprises and other organizations. Some of them are the following:
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Open standards—Simplicity and freedom of choice are the watchwords. Java is free and open
source, and its many beneits include initial cost, total cost of ownership, reliability, availability,
support, and popularity. For each beneit, Java's score tops that of its immediate competitor.
Compatibility with systems and processes—Java was created to be platform independent,
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and the concept of Java virtual machine attempted to ensure that the code would run in an
identical fashion on multiple systems (hardware) and in multiple operating environments.
Integration with Mainframe, ERP, and other legacy systems—hanks to Java being free, open
◾
source, and driven by Java Community Process, Java has grown vast in terms of adoption, plat-
forms, and application perspectives. Libraries and APIs, such as resource adapters, have evolved
to help with the integration of the existing mainframe, ERP, and other legacy systems.
Platform independence—In terms of development and deployment, Java has emerged as the
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clear choice for the masses. he property of being platform independent allows the developer
to choose Java as the preferred platform for development, testing, and deployment.
Scalable, available, and robust—he new Java Platform, Java EE, is known to be a scalable,
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available, manageable, and robust platform and has been the choice for enterprise applica-
tion development. Most of the B2B and B2C companies have their Web/enterprise applica-
tion developed and deployed using Enterprise Java.
Secure—From bytecodes to application realms, from programmatic security to declarative
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security, from basic authentication to data encryption, Java provides a secure environment
for the Web and enterprise applications.
3.2 Why Web Application Security?
We have already discussed the need for information security and explained the motivation for
the same. We also discussed concepts of risk and defense-in-depth. In this chapter, we propose to
home in on the aspects of Web application security. We will essentially explore the need for Web
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