Java Reference
In-Depth Information
1.2 Web Applications and Internet
here are a host of languages with the help of which Web applications can be developed and
deployed: PERL, Python, Java, Smalltalk, and Common Gate Interface (CGI) programming lan-
guages such as C, C++, Fortran, Pascal, and so on.
he applications developed using any of these programming languages run on the server side
and respond to the client's request generating HTML pages based on the client's request. he
applications could also, as a part of the enterprise application's activity, connect to databases and
perform database-related operations leading to business transactions. Initially, programs devel-
oped using the CGI-based languages were used to create Web applications.
he introduction of Java and other scripting such as PERL, Python, ASP, and PHP has changed
the way Web applications are developed and deployed. All of these languages have advantages
and disadvantages, and they have their own niche feature that is attractive to a particular set of
developers or business communities. Java, on the other hand, has carved out a very signiicant
slice of this Web application development community. Programmers around the world, in a very
signiicant number, use Java as a preferred programming environment for creating and deploying
Web applications.
1.3 Role and Signiicance of Java technology
in Web Applications
Since its introduction in mid-1995, the Java technology platform has established itself as the single
largest platform of choice for creating and deploying Web applications for most businesses and
enterprises. Many reasons can be supplied to explain the popularity of the Java language—it is
simple, secure, object-oriented, robust, platform independent, and versatile. Java's initial popular-
ity on the Web could be attributed to the ability of creating and deploying applets—small applica-
tions that can run inside a browser environment as entirely independent applications. With the
proliferation and growth of the Internet and World Wide Web, the proliferating Java too intro-
duced newer and better technologies, to meet the growing needs of the new market—Enterprise
Edition Java. No other programming language could match the sustained development eforts of
the Java Community Process (JCP) on Java and the new Java Platform, Enterprise Edition.
A Java Technology-based Web application often consists of one or more pages of static and/or
dynamic HTML pages created with one or more of the following Java technologies:
◾
Applet
◾
Java servlets
◾
JavaBeans
◾
JavaServer Pages (JSP)
◾
JSP Standard Tag Library (JSTL)
◾
JavaServer Faces (JSF)
◾
Java Messaging Service (JMS)
◾
Java Mail and JavaBeans Activation Framework
◾
Java Naming and Directory Interface (JNDI)
◾
Miscellaneous Java technologies
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