Introduction - Database Processing: Fundamentals, Design, and Implementation - page 27

The relational model rose to prominence in the 1980s.
At first, the relational model was judged to be impractical,
but over time, relational products such as DB2 and Oracle
Database achieved success. During this time, DBMS prod-
ucts were developed for personal computers as well. dBase,
R:base, and Paradox were all PC DBMS products that were
eventually consumed by the success of Microsoft Access.
Object-oriented DBMS products were developed in
the 1990s but never achieved commercial success. More

recently, Web-based databases have been developed to sup-
port e-commerce. Open source DBMS products are read-
ily available, forcing commercial DBMS vendors to offer
limited-capacity free versions of their enterprise products.
Features and functions, such as XML and XML Web ser-
vices, have been implemented to overcome the stateless
nature of HTTP. The NoSQL movement, Big Data, virtualiza-
tion, and cloud computing are at the leading edge of current
database processing.

Key Terms

Big Data
cloud computing
CODASYL DBTG
column
concurrency
data
Data Language/I (DL/I)
data marts
data model
data warehouse
database
database administrator
database application
database design (as a process)
database design (as a product)
database management system (DBMS)
database migration
database system
distributed database
enterprise-class database system
entity-relationship (ER) data modeling
foreign key
information
instance
integrated tables

knowledge worker
metadata
normal forms
normalization
NoSQL movement
object-oriented DBMS (OODBMS or
ODBMS)
object-oriented programming (OOP)
object-relational DBMS
personal database system
primary key
programmer
record
referential integrity constraints
relational database
relational model
relationship
row
self-describing
Structured Query Language (SQL)
surrogate key
table
user
virtualization
XML

Review Questions

1.1 What is the purpose of a database?

1.2 What is the most commonly used type of database?

1.3 Give an example of two related tables other than the example used in this topic. Use
the STUDENT and GRADE tables in Figure 1-3 as an example pattern for your tables.
Name the tables and columns using the conventions in this topic.