Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
balance to the modelling of the time-coordinated optimal flow framework (TCOPF);
these equations can be redefined as:
P
k
=
P
Gk
−
P
Dk
−
P
Tk
=
0
(3.75)
Q
k
=
Q
Gk
−
Q
Dk
−
Q
Tk
=
0
(3.76)
=
G
Gk
−
G
Dk
−
G
Tk
=
G
k
0
(3.77)
The baseline nomenclature, used in the remainder of this text, refers to a form of
power;
P
for active power,
Q
for reactive power and
G
for thermal power (
i.e.
once
the flow rate has been multiplied by GHV). Meanwhile, the subscript details the
type of power injection occurring at node
k
; either being generation
G
, demand
D
or
transmitted
T
. Please see the symbol section of this work for further details.
Load flow problems can be coded in many mathematical modelling programs
available today such as Matlab
TM
. Appendices C and D illustrate load flow coding
examples developed in gPROMS
TM
for electrical and natural gas radial networks
respectively.
By learning and comprehending how to individually model energy service net-
works, analogies help build a generic framework to solve integrated load flow
problems. Hence, a unified framework for electric and natural gas load flow studies
can be established once equations that represent CHP technologies are included into
the model. However, by only including cogeneration technologies in the study, the
capability to assess the interdependency between energy service networks becomes
rather limited and is not as large as it could be. In other words, it is necessary to
consider other control variables to complement and increase the depth of the inte-
grated TCOPF modelling tool. Therefore, if the modelling framework considers more
degrees of freedom, it would greatly increase the applicability of the tool by obtain-
ing and contributing further insightful results. Consequently, aside from cogeneration
units, devices such as tap-changers, compressor stations and plug-in hybrid electric
vehicles are also modelled in this topic; and thus, their mathematical representation
features in the next chapter.
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