Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 1.2 Known and potential vector species of Plasmodium vivax cont'd
Species, species
complex* or
group
Distribution
and bionomics
reviewed by MAP
P. vivax
vector
(Yes/No)
Notes and reference(s)
The Americas
An. albimanus
Wiedemann
Yes
Yes
P. vivax sporozoites have been detected (by ELISA) in wild captured An.
albimanus in Mexico ( Ramsey et al., 1994 ) and in specimens experimen-
tally infected from humans ( Wirtz et al., 1985 ). Experimental feeding on
monkeys revealed that An. albimanus was much more susceptible to 'New
World' P. vivax ( P. vivax specimens from Central and South America; 21.2%
infection rate), than 'Old World' P. vivax (0.4% infection rate) ( Li et al.,
2001 ). Other laboratory studies using monkeys showed infectivity rates of
only 0.6-0.7% ( Collins et al., 1980 ).
An. albitarsis
complex
Yes
Yes
P. vivax infection was detected (by dissection to find presence and ELISA to
determine Plasmodium species) in wild captured An. albitarsis in Northern
Brazil ( de Arruda et al., 1986 ). Mosquito oocyst infection was observed in
laboratory conditions after feeding on infected human volunteers; spo-
rozoites were found in the salivary glands approximately two weeks after
feeding ( Klein et al., 1991 ). P. vivax infection was also seen in mosquitoes
experimentally fed on infected monkeys ( Collins et al., 1985 ).
An. aquasalis
Curry
Yes
Yes
P. vivax sporozoites have been detected by ELISA in wild captured An. aquasalis
in Brazil ( Povoa et al., 2003 ). An. aquasalis has been experimentally infected
with P. vivax from infected humans ( da Silva et al., 2006 ).
An. argyritarsis
Robineau-
Desvoidy
No
Yes(?)
An. argyritarsis naturally infected with P. vivax have been found in Argentina
and the species is identified as a principal vector in parts of Brazil. How-
ever, there is some debate whether the species sampled were An. argyritarsis
or misidentified An. darlingi specimens ( Linthicum, 1988 ).
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