Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
8.1.7. Splenic rupture and infarction
169
8.1.8. Thrombocytopenia
170
8.1.9. Other complications
170
8.2. SevereMalariainChildren
170
8.2.1. Severe anaemia
170
8.2.2. Respiratory distress
172
8.2.3. Coma
173
8.2.4. Renal dysfunction and acute kidney injury
173
8.2.5. Shock and multiorgan dysfunction
173
8.2.6. Other manifestations
174
8.3. VivaxMalariainPregnancy
174
8.3.1. Effects on mother
174
8.3.2. Effects on foetus and neonate
174
8.3.3. Congenital malaria
175
9. SevereandFatalDiseaseResultingfromTreatmentwithPrimaquine
175
10. RiskFactorsforUncomplicatedandSevereVivaxMalaria
176
10.1. HostRiskFactors
176
10.2. HaematinicReplacement
176
10.3. HostGenetics
176
10.4. ParasiteFactors
177
10.4.1. Differential virulence
177
10.4.2. Chloroquine resistance
177
10.4.3. Mixed
Plasmodium
infections
177
11. PathophysiologyofDiseaseinVivaxMalaria
178
11.1. ComparativePathobiologyof
P. vivax
178
11.1.1. Parasite Biomass
178
11.1.2. Relapse
179
11.1.3. Greater inflammatory response in
P.vivax
than
P.falciparum
179
11.1.4. Cytoadherence and rosetting
180
11.1.5. Deformability and fragility of parasitized erythrocytes
182
11.1.6. Endothelial activation and altered thrombostasis
182
11.1.7. Susceptibility to bacterial co-infection?
183
11.2. PathophysiologyofSpeciicSyndromesofSevere
VivaxMalaria
184
11.2.1. Severe vivax anaemia
184
11.2.2. Acute lung injury
185
11.2.3. Acute kidney injury
186
11.2.4. Coma
187
11.2.5. Multiorgan dysfunction and shock
188
11.2.6. Pregnancy-associated malaria and low birth weight
188
12. Conclusion
188
Acknowledgments
189
