Information Technology Reference
In-Depth Information
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D - Define Phase:
Define the project goals and customer (internal and external)
deliverables.
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Define Customers and Requirements
(CTQs)
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Project Charter
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Develop Problem Statement, Goals, and
Benefits
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Process Flowchart
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SIPOC Diagram
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Identify Champion, Process Owner, and
Team
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Stakeholder Analysis
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DMAIC Work Breakdown Structure
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Define Resources
CTQ Definitions
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Evaluate Key Organizational Support
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Voice of the Customer Gathering
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Develop Project Plan and Milestones
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Develop High-Level Process Map
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M - Measure Phase:
Measure the process to determine current performance; quantify the
problem.
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Define Defect, Opportunity, Unit, and
Metrics
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Process Flowchart
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Detailed Process Map of Appropriate Areas
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Data Collection Plan/Example
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Develop Data Collection Plan
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Benchmarking
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Validate the Measurement System
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Measurement System Analysis/Gage
R&R
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Collect the Data
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Begin Developing Y = f(x) Relationship
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Voice of the Customer Gathering
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Determine Process Capability and Sigma
Baseline
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Process Sigma Calculation
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A - Analyze Phase:
Analyze and determine the root cause(s) of the defects.
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Histogram
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Pareto Chart
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Define Performance Objectives
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Time Series/Run Chart
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Identify Value/Non-Value-Added Process
Steps
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Scatter Plot
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Regression Analysis
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Identify Sources of Variation
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Cause-and-Effect/Fishbone Diagram
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Determine Root Cause(s)
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5 Whys
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Determine Vital Few x's, Y = f(x) Relationship
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Process Map Review and Analysis
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Statistical Analysis
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Hypothesis Testing (Continuous and
Discrete)
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Non-Normal Data Analysis
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I - Improve Phase:
Improve the process by eliminating defects.
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Perform Design of Experiments
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Brainstorming
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Develop Potential Solutions
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Mistake Proofing
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Define Operating Tolerances of Potential
System
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Design of Experiments
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Pugh Matrix
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Assess Failure Modes of Potential Solutions
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House of Quality
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Validate Potential Improvement by Pilot
Studies
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Failure Modes and Effects Analysis
(FMEA)
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Correct/Re-Evaluate Potential Solution
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Simulation Software
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C - Control Phase:
Control future process performance.
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Define and Validate Monitoring and Control
System
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Develop Standards and Procedures
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Implement Statistical Process Control
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Process Sigma Calculation
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Determine Process Capability
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Control Charts (Variable and
Attribute)
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Develop Transfer Plan, Handoff to Process
Owner
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Cost-Savings Calculations
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Verify Benefits, Cost Savings/Avoidance,
Profit Growth
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Control Plan
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Close Project, Finalize Documentation
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Communicate to Business, Celebrate
FIGURE 7.14
DMAIC steps and tools.
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