DATABASE MANAGEMENT APPROACHES - Concepts of Database Management - page 308

● Users perceive the data in a data warehouse as a multidimensional database in the shape of a data cube.
OLAP software lets users slice and dice data, drill down data, and roll up data.
● Data mining consists of uncovering new knowledge, patterns, trends, and rules from the data stored in a data
warehouse.
● E. F. Codd presented 12 rules that serve as a benchmark against which you can measure OLAP systems.
These rules are multidimensional conceptual view; transparency; accessibility; consistent reporting
performance; client/server architecture; generic dimensionality; dynamic sparse matrix handling; multiuser
support; unrestricted, cross-dimensional operations; intuitive data manipulation; flexible reporting; and unlim-
ited dimensions and aggregation levels.
● Object-oriented DBMSs deal with data as objects. An object is a set of related attributes along with the actions
that are associated with the set of attributes. An OODBMS is a database management system in which data
and the actions that operate on the data are encapsulated into objects. A domain is the set of values that are
permitted for an attribute. The term class refers to the general structure, and the term object refers to a spe-
cific occurrence of a class. Methods are the actions defined for a class, and a message is a request to execute
a method. A subclass inherits the structure and methods of its superclass.
● The UML is an approach to model all the various aspects of software development for object-oriented
systems. The class diagram represents the design of an object-oriented database. Relationships are called
associations, and visibility symbols indicate whether other classes can view or change the value in an
attribute. Multiplicity indicates the number of objects that can be related to an individual object at the other end
of the relationship. Generalization is the relationship between a superclass and a subclass.
● Rules that serve as a benchmark against which you can measure object-oriented systems are complex
objects, object identity, encapsulation, information hiding, types or classes, inheritance, late binding, compu-
tational completeness, extensibility, persistence, performance, concurrent update support, recovery sup-
port, and query facility.

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Key Terms

access delay
Apache HTTP Server
application server
association
back-end machine
back-end processor
binary large objects (BLOBs)
binding
business to business (B2B)
class
class diagram
client
client/server
client-side extension
client-side script
communications network
cookies
coordinator
database server
data cube
data fragmentation
data mining
data warehouse
dimension table

distributed database
distributed database management system (DDBMS)
Document Type Definition (DTD)
domain
drill down
dynamic Web page
electronic commerce (e-commerce)
encapsulated
extensible
Extensible Hypertext Markup Language (XHTML)
Extensible Markup Language (XML)
Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL)
fact table
fat client
file server
fragmentation transparency
front-end machine
front-end processor
generalization
global deadlock
heterogeneous DDBMS
homogeneous DDBMS
hyperlink
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)