Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
technique called nanografting is a variant of dip-pen nanolithography [274, 275]. It has the
same advantage of flexibility - a wide variety of molecules may be applied to the surface
[274, 276]. The difference is that it involves using the AFM tip to remove molecules from
a previously modified surface, so that the molecules of interest, which are in solution, can
form patches within the previous layer [277]. This has the advantage of leaving the
molecules of interest surrounded with a potentially inert passivating layer covering the
(typically) metallic substrate, making it useful for example fabrication of devices for
binding studies [262].
