Global Positioning System Reference
In-Depth Information
• Design process and methods (e.g., Fidalgo et al. 2004; Glorio and Trujillo
2008; Luján-Mora et al. 2006; Malinowski and Zimányi 2008).
• Conceptual models (e.g., Bimonte et al. 2010; Aguila et al. 2011; Silva et
al. 2010; Damiani and Spaccapietra 2006; Jensen et al. 2004; Malinowski
and Zimányi 2008; Pourabbas and Rafanelli 2002).
• Spatial multidimensional querying (e.g., Baltzer 2011; Bimonte et al.
2010; Camossi et al. 2008; Escribano et al. 2007; Ferri et al. 2000; Gómez
et al. 2008; Pourabbas and Rafanelli 2002; Silva 2010).
• Optimization of spatial queries and aggregations (e.g., Baltzer 2011;
Costa et al. 2010; Silva, Times et al. 2008; Glorio and Trujillo 2009;
Gómez et al. 2009a,b; Han et al. 1998; Lopes et al. 2012; Papadias et
al. 2001; Pedersen and Tryfona 2001; Silva, Manhäes and Gitahy 2008;
Shekhar and Chawla 2003).
• Integration between GISs and data warehouse or OLAP environments
(e.g., Escribano et al. 2007; Ferri et al. 2000; Kouba et al. 2000; Miksovsky
and Kouba 2001; Pourabbas 2003).
Relatively recent surveys about research related to SDWs and SOLAP
can be found in several works, e.g., Gómez et al. (2009b), Viswanathan and
Schneider (2011), Bimonte et al. (2010). Many of the proposed concepts
are implemented in prototypes to ensure the feasibility of the suggested
solutions; however, they rarely reach the world of practitioners.
On the other hand, the extension of OLAP systems to include spatial
data is also a concern for software companies. Many commercial companies
involved in BI and companies dedicated to spatial data manipulation
focus on creating partnerships to join their solutions in order to enhance
multidimensional reporting and analysis with interaction through a map-
based interface, e.g., ESRI established several partnerships with SAP (ESRI
2013a), IBM Cognos (ESRI 2013b), or SAS (SAS 2013). On the other hand,
different outlooks exist in relation to spatial solutions for OLAP relying
on free software. There is a large number of free software related to GIS
(OSGIS 2013). It can be used with different purposes, among others: ready-
to-go applications, e.g., Kosmo, GeoKettle, and QuantumGIS, extensions to
existing software, e.g., PostGIS, libraries, frameworks, APIs in C++ or Java
that can be used in developing other applications, e.g., JTS, JUMP, CGAL,
GEOS, GeOxygeme, or servers for enabling spatial data over the internet,
e.g., MapServer, GeoServer. However, although some of this software is
used in developing SOLAP prototypes, as far as we know, there is a very
small number of publically available SOLAP software that can be used in
a “ready-to-go” manner.
To facilitate the analysis of research achievements and current solutions
for implementation of a SDW and SOLAP based on free software, we group
our observations according to different areas, as explained in the previous
sections, even though these areas clearly overlap.
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