Quantifying the Effects of Earthworms on Soil Aggregation and Porosity - Earthworm Ecology - page 191

Tiunov, A.V. and S. Scheu. 2000. Microfungal communities in soil, litter and casts of Lumbricus terrestris L.
(Lumbricidae): a laboratory experiment, Appl. Soil Ecol. , 14:17Ï26.
Tiwari, S.C., B.K. Tiwari, and R.R. Mishra. 1989. Microbial populations, enzyme activities and nitrogen-
phosphorus-potassium enrichment in earthworm casts and in the surrounding soil of a pineapple
plantation , Biol. Fertil. Soils , 8:178Ï182.
Tomlin, A.D., M.J. Shipitalo, W.M. Edwards, and R. Protz. 1995. Earthworms and their inÞuence on soil
structure and inÝltration, in P.F. Hendrix, Ed., Earthworm Ecology and Biogeography in North
America , Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL, pp. 159Ï183.
Trojan, M.D. and D.R. Linden. 1992. Microrelief and rainfall effects on water and solute movement in
earthworm burrows , Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. , 56:727Ï733.
Trout, T.J. and G.S. Johnson. 1989. Earthworms and furrow irrigation, Trans. ASAE , 32:1594Ï1598.
Urbnek, J. and F. Dolezal ø 1992. Review of some case studies on the abundance and on the hydraulic efÝciency
of earthworm channels in Czechoslovak soils, with reference to the subsurface pipe drainage , Soil
Biol. Biochem ., 24:1563Ï1571.
Utomo, W.H. and A.R. Dexter. 1981. Age hardening of agricultural top soils , J. Soil Sci. , 32:335Ï350.
Utomo, W.H. and A.R. Dexter. 1982. Changes in soil aggregate water stability induced by wetting drying
cycles in non-saturated soil , J. Soil Sci. , 33:623Ï637.
Van Hoof, P. 1983. Earthworm activity as a cause of splash erosion in a Luxembourg forest , Geoderma ,
31:195Ï204.
Wang, D., J.M. Norman, B. Lowery, and K. McSweeney. 1994. Nondestructive determination of hydrogeo-
metrical characteristics of soil macropores , Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. , 58:294Ï303.
White, G. 1789. The Natural History of Selborne , Benjamin White, London.
Willoughby, G.L., E.J. Kladivko, and M.R. Savabi. 1997. Seasonal variations in inÝltration rate under no-till
and conventional (disk) tillage systems as affected by Lumbricus terrestris activity , Soil Biol. Biochem .,
29:481Ï484.
Zachmann, J.E., D.R. Linden, and C.E. Clapp. 1987. Macroporous inÝltration and redistribution as affected
by earthworms, tillage and residue , Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. , 51:1580Ï1586.
Zhang, H. and S. Schrader. 1993. Earthworm effects on selected physical and chemical properties of soil
aggregates , Biol. Fertil. Soils , 15:229Ï234.
Ziegler, F. and W. Zech. 1992. Formation of water-stable aggregates through the action of earthworms.
Implications from laboratory experiments, Pedobiologia , 36:91Ï96.