Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 8.3 PRC1 components
M. musculus
D. melanogaster
A. thaliana
Ring1a/Ring1,
Ring1b/Rnf2
Embryo:
Ring1b
KO is
lethal around E6.5-9.5,
gastrulation defects.
Ring1a
KO mice are
viable and fertile with
abnormalities in the
axial skeleton.
Conditional DKO in
oogenesis has a strong
maternal effect and
leads to 2-cell arrest
(
del Mar Lorente
et al., 2000; Posfai
et al., 2012; Voncken
et al., 2003
).
ESC: Single
Ring1a
or
Ring1b
KO ESC
does not show
significant phenotype,
while DKO leads to
derepression of lineage
genes and loss of ESC
identity. H2AK119ub
is globally absent in
DKO (
Endoh et al.,
2008
;
Leeb & Wutz,
2007, 2010
;
Van der
Stoop et al., 2008
).
Sce/
dRING
Loss of function is
lethal around 1st
instar larva.
Hox
genes are derepressed
in Sce mutants (
Breen
& Duncan, 1986
).
AtRING1a,
AtRING1b
Single KO plants do
not exhibit significant
phenotypes, while
DKO leads to
derepression of
KNOX
genes, homeotic
transformations and
ectopic meristemic
formation.
AtRING1a/b interacts
with the plant HP1
homologue LHP1 (
Xu
& Shen, 2008
).
Pcgf6, Pcgf5,
Pcgf4/Bmi1,
Pcgf3, Pcgf2/
Mel18, Pcgf1
Embryo: Only
Pcgf2
and
Pcgf4
have been
functionally studied
and single KO of either
Pcgf2
or
Pcgf4
results in
posterior
transformations of axial
skeleton. DKO is lethal
around E9.5 due to
failure of somite
formation and
Psc
Psc
KO is embryonic
lethal, affecting the
embryonic body
pattern and most
severely the head
formation.
Derepression of
Hox
genes in Psc mutants
(
Beh, Colwell, &
Francis, 2012
;
J¨ rgens
1985
).
AtBMI1c,
AtBMI1b,
AtBMI1a
Single KO mutants do
not exhibit significant
phenotypes. DKO for
AtBMI1a
and
AtBMI1b
leads to
aberrant cell
differentiation and
early embryonic arrest,
as well as upregulation
of the stem-cell
regulators
WUS, STM,
FUS3, LEC1, and
