Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 8.2 PRC2 components
M. musculus
D. melanogaster
A. thaliana
Ezh2,
Ezh1
Embryo:
Ezh2
KO is
lethal around E5.5-8.5
and displays abnormal
gastrulation (
O'Carroll
et al., 2001
).
Ezh1
KO
does not have an
embryonic phenotype.
No embryonic/germ line
DKO has been reported
yet (
Ezhkova et al., 2011
).
ESC: Single or double KO
do not have a significant
effect on the maintenance
of ESC, although the
H3K27 methylation mark
is lost. An effect of the KO
is seen upon differentiation
of ESC due to failure in
extinguishing expression of
pluripotency genes (
Shen
et al., 2008
).
E(z)
Loss of function of
E(z)
is
100% lethal around end of
3rd instar larva/puparium.
Hypomorph mutations
result in homeotic
transformations and failure
of germ-cell development.
E(z)
is a maternal effect
gene (
Phillips & Shearn,
1990
).
SWN,
MEA,
CLF
Plants lacking
CLF
display
pleiotropic effects on leafs
and flowers and flower
prematurely (
Goodrich
et al., 1997
).
MEA
is a maternal effect
gene and loss of function
leads to overproliferation
of the endosperm, resulting
in embryo lethality later in
seed development
(
Grossniklaus, Vielle-
Calzada, Hoeppner, &
Gagliano, 1998
).
Mutations in the
SWN
gene do not show
significant phenotype but
enhance the clf phenotype
(
Chanvivattana et al., 2004
).
Suz12
Embryo: KO of
Suz12
is
lethal around E7.5-E8.5
and gastrulation is not
initiated (
Pasini, Bracken,
ESC: In
Suz12
deficient
cells proliferation and self-
renewal are not affected
but some lineage-specific
genes are upregulated.
Su(z)
12
Loss of function is lethal
around end of 1st/
beginning of 2nd instar
larva and results in
misexpression of
Hox
genes
VRN2,
FIS2,
EMF2
FIS2
is a maternal effect
gene, which phenocopies
the
MEA loss of function
mutation (
Luo et al., 1999
).
EMF2
mutation leads to
