Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
on the battery. To date, SOC algorithms are unreliable and prone to misjudge bat-
tery available energy due to charge/discharge history and ageing effects.
Table 1.3 is a side-by-side comparison of the 2003 model year Toyota Prius
and Honda Civic hybrid vehicles.
Table 1.3 Comparison of Prius and Civic hybrids (MY2003)
Comparison
Honda Civic Sedan
Toyota Prius Sedan
Base price (MSRP)
$19,550
$19,995
Fuel economy - city
46
52
Fuel economy - highway
51
45
Warranty: Powertrain months
Powertrain miles
36
36,000
96
100,000
Engine # cylinders
4
4
Driveline
Front wheel drive
Front wheel drive
Engine displacement (cc)
1,339
1,497
Valve configuration
SOHC
DOHC
Engine horsepower at rpm
85 at 5,700
70 at 4,500
Engine torque at rpm
87 at 3,300
82 at 4,200
Fuel system
Multipoint injected
Multipoint injected
Brakes - front
- rear
Disc
Drum
Disc
Drum
Steering
Rack and pinion
Rack and pinion
Climate control
Standard
Standard
Curb weight (lb)
2,643
2,765
Passenger compartment volume (ft
3
)
91.4
88.6
Cargo volume (ft
3
)
10.1
11.8
Headroom (in)
39.8
38.8
14
00
alloy
70R14
14
00
alloy
65R14
Wheels and tyres
The comparisons in Tables 1.3 and 1.4 are interesting because they show how
similar the two vehicles are in style, occupant room and powertrain. It is also insightful
to compare earlier versions of the Prius such as the Prius II in Table 1.2 with the new
Prius IV in Table 1.4. As a general trend, the vehicle mass has gone up, interior
volumes and headroom have somewhat reduced and power plant ratings have
increased. This mass increase, however, has been compensated by higher power
electronic integration, lower battery mass with improved cell and pack designs, higher
speed electric machines, and hence higher specific power and more use of lightweight
materials. New IMA has 50% more power and 14% higher torque at the same mass.
The 2010 Civic Hybrid battery has 25% more specific power for same mass.
It has recently been made public that the 2010/2011 Civic Hybrid will intro-
duce a lithium ion pack (LNMCO cathode, 3.7 V, 6.0 Ah) battery. This pack will
be manufactured for Honda by Blue Energy Corp., a 51:49 joint venture between
GS Yuasa and Honda. Production volumes target 100,000 units per year (APV).
North American automobile manufacturers are beginning to build their
hybrid portfolios with product offerings targeting sport utility vehicles (SUVs) and
