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During the specification of the nature of interaction, the question of the
possible communication modalities between the human being and the
machine arises, as well as the question of the recording and generating
devices involved. If the dialogue happens over the phone, the only modality is
oral, at the system's input and output. If the dialogue happens face to face,
that is on a computer with potentially an avatar displayed on screen, the input
can be written, oral or multimodal, with, for example, gestures made on a
touch screen or with a mouse. Through a desire for consistency, and so as to
not disturb the user by using a different modality from his/hers, the output can
then occur through the same modalities, or at least equivalent modalities, and
the gestures carried out by the system can materialize through a display on the
screen and not a specific device, except in a robotic system.
The specification stage for the system's breadth of abilities involves three
additional methods: the imagination of dialogue situations, the carrying out
of experiments such as system simulations, the analysis of dialogue corpus
to deduce phenomena and situations that have to be taken into account. For
each of these three means, we can add a phase consisting of spreading the
phenomena identified by a set of similar phenomena, i.e. derive new ideas
from observations. This derivation operation (he said this when he could have
said that, so both have to be taken into account) allows us to achieve a more
satisfying set of phenomena in terms of size and coverage.
3.2.3. Carrying out experiments and corpus studies
The Wizard of Oz experiments we have mentioned and the dialogue
corpus studies complement each other. These two methods allow us to use the
concrete dialogues as bases for the system's design. Any experiment, if it is
recorded, is also a corpus that can be studied in the same way as the corpus
coming from human dialogue recordings, MMDs (with no simulation or
deceit), computer-mediated human dialogues (same comment) and even
machine-machine dialogues as when we have two MMD systems that interact
with each other.
The Wizard of Oz, abbreviated to WOz, named after a character by
F. Baum, or also Pnambic (Pay No Attention to the Man Behind the Curtain),
thus consists of simulating an MMD system for a human being, the wizard or
fellow, to observe the behavior of a subject faced with this simulation
[FRA 91]. The subject believes he/she is talking or writing to a machine, but
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