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information and apply simple rules of cohesion and coherence, for example a
relevant use of connectors, taking into account the previous messages.
As for the cognitive factors, it is the set of elements that were the focus
of section 2.1: taking into account human short-term memory limits, mental
representation abilities or even user attention management. It is a question,
for example, of not putting the system in a position in which it tries to attract
the user's attention in several directions at once. In general, a principle can
consist of using what has already correctly worked. If the system observes
that a message has had a positive and efficient influence when generated
visually rather than orally, it can choose to use it again with the same type
of generation in similar conditions. Finally, the parameters mentioned are
managed as follows:
- parameters arising from the application domain, the task and the user
model: the levels of urgency and criticality, the self-descriptive information
(structure and quantitative information) and the multimedia presentation
preference constraints specific to the type of task or the task itself;
- parameters calculated by the dialogue manager: pragmatic values and
forces, labels such as those linked to emotions, cohesion and coherence
indications, emphases, constraints and preferences with regard to linguistic
terms and dialogue management;
- parameters decided by the multimedia presenter based on constraints
at other levels: ordering the information to be presented, for example
depending on the levels of urgency, the way to dissociate information into
several presentation phases, the way to dissociate information over several
communication channels, the levels of emphasis of each piece of information,
for example depending on its criticality and the ways in which to emphasize it.
9.2. Multimedia presentation pragmatics
9.2.1. Illocutionary forces and values
An important aspect is found within the use of the illocutionary values and
forces imposed by the dialogue manager. In interpretation and in generation,
as well as the message's semantic content, we also have, as we have seen an
illocutionary value that refers to the dialogue act carried out by the utterance
(or the presentation), a value that can be “saying that”, “telling to” or
“asking”, or a combination of several of these acts (composite act) that is
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