Age-Related Changes in Whole-Bone Structure and Strength - Skeletal Aging and Osteoporosis: Biomechanics and Mechanobiology - page 18

Table 4 Metaphyseal changes—upper extremity

% Change per decade*

Authors Materials Method Study design Bone Sex TA MA CA Tot.vBMD Trab.vBMD

a

Riggs et al. [ 50 ] 696 subjects (373 female,

323 male) 20-97 years

pQCT CS Distal Radius Female 0.9 2.3 -1.6 -5.1 -4.0

Male 2.1 3.2 -0.2 -5.0 -4.5

b

-11.6 c

c

Mueller et al. [ 52 ] 100 specimens

(50 female, 50 male) 60-100 years

HR-pQCT CS Distal Radius Female NS - -10.9 -11.4

b c c

Male NS - -4.1 -5.6 -6.2

d, e

Yuen et al. [ 9 ] 1258 subjects

(638 female, 620 male) 20-98 years

pQCT CS Distal Radius Female 2.0 3.8 - - -8.2

Male 2.0 3.6 - - -7.0

f

Macdonald et al. [ 51 ] 644 subjects (442 female, 202 male)

20-99 years

HR-pQCT CS Distal Radius Female 0.2 - -3.0 -6.0 -3.6

Male 2.7 - -1.3 -5.2 -4.2

g

Ward et al. [ 18 ] Distal Radius Male 1.2 - - -4.5 -3.1

TA, total (subperiosteal) area; MA, medullary area (called trabecular area in some papers); CA, cortical bone area; Tot.vBMD, avg. bone mineral density of total
volume; Trab.vBMD, average bone mineral density of trabecular volume
All results based on cross-sectional (CS) study design
*Percent change calculated using slope of regression line (e.g, TA vs. age), multiplied by 10 and divided by overall mean (unless noted otherwise)
Slopes are taken from papers (if reported), or determined by linear regression from data presented in papers
(NS) regression is not statistically significant, p [ 0.05
Distal Radius 4 % site; location given as percent of limb length, relative to the distal end
a

728 men 40-79 years pQCT CS

from Table 2 of paper, recalculated based on estd. overall means

b

Cortical thickness reported

c

BV/TV reported

d

regressions based on mean values for the age groups reported

e

Yuen reports slopes for \60 and [60 years in Table 4 of paper; values shown here are computed from slopes across all age groups

f

from Table 4 of paper, recalculated based on estd. overall means

g

slopes were presented separately for two study centers (Table 3 ); avg. value shown here