Factor of Risk for Fracture - Skeletal Aging and Osteoporosis: Biomechanics and Mechanobiology - page 145

24. Greenspan, S.L., Myers, E.R., Maitland, L.A., Resnick, N.M., Hayes, W.C.: Fall severity and
bone mineral density as risk factors for hip fracture in ambulatory elderly. JAMA 271(2),
128-133 (1994)
25. Hansen, U., Zioupos, P., Simpson, R., Currey, J.D., Hynd, D.: The effect of strain rate on the
mechanical properties of human cortical bone. J. Biomech. Eng. 130(1), 011011 (2008).
doi: 10.1115/1.2838032
26. Hayes, W.C.: Biomechanics of cortical and trabecular bone: implications for assessment of
fracture risk. In: Mow, V.C., Hayes, W.C. (eds.) Basic Orthopaedic Biomechanics,

pp. 93-142. Raven Press, New York (1991)
27. Hayes, W.C., Myers, E.R., Morris, J.N., Gerhart, T.N., Yett, H.S., Lipsitz, L.A.: Impact near
the hip dominates fracture risk in elderly nursing home residents who fall. Calcif. Tissue Int.
52(3), 192-198 (1993)
28. Hayes, W.C., Myers, E.R., Robinovitch, S.N., Van Den Kroonenberg, A., Courtney, A.C.,
McMahon, T.A.: Etiology and prevention of age-related hip fractures. Bone 18(1 Suppl),
77S-86S (1996)
29. Hayes, W.C., Erickson, M.S., Power, E.D.: Forensic injury biomechanics. Annu. Rev.
Biomed. Eng. 9, 55-86 (2007). doi: 10.1146/annurev.bioeng.9.060906.151946
30. Heller, M.O., Bergmann, G., Deuretzbacher, G., Durselen, L., Pohl, M., Claes, L., Haas, N.P.,
Duda, G.N.: Musculo-skeletal loading conditions at the hip during walking and stair
climbing. J. Biomech. 34(7), 883-893 (2001)
31. Ismail, A.A., Cooper, C., Felsenberg, D., Varlow, J., Kanis, J.A., Silman, A.J., O'Neill, T.W.:
Number and type of vertebral deformities: epidemiological characteristics and relation to
back pain and height loss. European Vertebral Osteoporosis Study Group. Osteoporos. Int.
9(3):206-213 (1999)
32. Kazakia, G.J., Burghardt, A.J., Link, T.M., Majumdar, S.: Variations in morphological and
biomechanical indices at the distal radius in subjects with identical BMD. J. Biomech.
(2010). doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2010.10.010
33. Keaveny, T.M.: Biomechanical computed tomography-noninvasive bone strength analysis
using clinical computed tomography scans. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1192, 57-65 (2010).
doi: NYAS5348[pii]10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05348.x
34. Keaveny, T.M., Bouxsein, M.L.: Theoretical implications of the biomechanical fracture
threshold. J. Bone Miner. Res. 23(10), 1541-1547 (2008). doi: 10.1359/jbmr.080406
35. Keyak, J.H., Rossi, S.A., Jones, K.A., Skinner, H.B.: Prediction of femoral fracture load using
automated finite element modeling. J. Biomech. 31(2), 125-133 (1998)
36. Klotzbuecher, C.M., Ross, P.D., Landsman, P.B., Abbott 3rd, T.A., Berger, M.: Patients with
prior fractures have an increased risk of future fractures: a summary of the literature and
statistical synthesis. J. Bone Miner. Res. 15(4), 721-739 (2000)
37. Lochmuller, E.M., Miller, P., Burklein, D., Wehr, U., Rambeck, W., Eckstein, F.: In situ
femoral dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry related to ash weight, bone size and density, and
its relationship with mechanical failure loads of the proximal femur. Osteoporos. Int. 11(4),
361-367 (2000)
38. Lochmuller, E.M., Groll, O., Kuhn, V., Eckstein, F.: Mechanical strength of the proximal
femur as predicted from geometric and densitometric bone properties at the lower limb versus
the distal radius. Bone 30(1), 207-216 (2002)
39. Lotz, J., Cheal, E., Hayes, W.: Stress distributions within the proximal femur during gait and
falls: Implications for osteoporotic fracture. Osteoporos. Int. 5, 252-261 (1995)
40. Mann, T., Oviatt, S.K., Wilson, D., Nelson, D., Orwoll, E.S.: Vertebral deformity in men.
J. Bone Miner. Res. 7(11), 1259-1265 (1992)
41. Marks, R., Allegrante, J.P., Ronald MacKenzie, C., Lane, J.M.: Hip fractures among the
elderly: causes, consequences and control. Ageing Res. Rev. 2(1), 57-93 (2003)
42. Matsumoto, T., Ohnishi, I., Bessho, M., Imai, K., Ohashi, S., Nakamura, K.: Prediction of
vertebral strength under loading conditions occurring in activities of daily living using a
computed tomography-based nonlinear finite element method. Spine 34(14), 1464-1469
(2009). doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181a55636