Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
Chapter 7
TOPOGRAPHY AND RECOGNITION
IMAGING OF CELLS
Lilia Chtcheglova, Linda Wildling and Peter Hinterdorfer
University of Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, A-4040 Linz, Austria
peter.hinterdorfer@jku.at
7.1 INTRODUCTION
Determining the distribution of speciic binding sites on biological samples
with high spatial accuracy (in the order of several nanometres) is an important
challenge in many ields of biological science.
1
TREC (for “simultaneous
topography and recognition imaging”) is a recently developed atomic force
microscopy (AFM) imaging technique, which has become an indispensable
tool for high-resolution receptor mapping. So far, this method has been
successfully applied to model protein systems, such as avidin-biotin,
2,3
to
histones within remodelled chromatin structures,
4
to protein lattices
5
and to
isolated red blood cell membranes.
6
The TREC technique was also applied to cells, and this chapter gives an
overview of the most recent TREC applications for cellular systems. High-
resolution AFM imaging is combined with single-molecule interaction
measurements.
7.2 AFM TIP CHEMISTRY VIA POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL LINKERS
Both molecular recognition force spectroscopy and TREC measurements
require the AFM tip to be transformed into a biospeciic molecular sensor by
attaching a ligand onto the tip. One of the most elegant ways is to anchor a few
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