Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
PURE SOLVENT (
S
)
1.0
0.8
0.6
Two
phase
0.4
0.2
PURE
DILUENT (
B
)
PURE
SOLUTE
(
A
)
0
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
x
A
,
y
A
,
mass fraction solute in diluent
0.6
0.4
Equilibrium
curve for the
two-phase region
0.2
0
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
x
A
,
mass fraction solute in diluent layer
Figure 3.12
Construction of a tie-line from a single point on the equilibrium
curve.
can be used to alter the phase equilibrium for any system to obtain a more favorable
separation.
3.4.4
Adsorption isotherms
In adsorption a solute (sorbate) is transferred from a fluid (gas, vapor or liquid) to a porous
solid adsorbent phase. The driving force for all adsorptive processes lies in the initial
departure from thermodynamic equilibrium between the fluid and solid phases. The rate
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