Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Feed
Retentate
Membrane
Permeate
(a)
Feed
b)
Sweep
(b)
Figure 9.3
Basic modes for membrane processes.
e
Figure 9.4
Schematic conventional membrane modules: (a) plate-and-frame,
(b) tubular, (c) capillary, (d) hollow fiber (where the separator is 10-20 cm dia
×
3-6 m long), and (e) spiral wound [6]. This material is used with the permission
of John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Membrane separating modules can be (a) flat sheets (such as continuous column, sup-
ported liquid, or polymer film), (b) tabular, (c) capillary, (d) hollow fibers (either coated
fibers or supported liquid) and (e) spiral wound. The hollow fiber is similar to the tubular
mounting except that hollow fibers typically have a much smaller diameter.
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