Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Extracted
solids
S
olvent
Feed solids
Solvent
Figure 5.5
Hildebrand extractor.
V
0
,
y
A
0
V
0
,
y
A
0
O
0
,
x
A
0
O
1
,
x
A
1
O
2
,
x
A
2
1
2
V
1
,
y
A
1
V
2
,
y
A
2
O
=diluent flowrate
V
=solvent flowrate
x
A
,
y
A
=solute mass fraction in corresponding phase
Figure 5.6
Cross-flow cascade.
Therefore, from the lever-arm rule,
O
0
M
1
V
0
and
O
1
M
1
V
1
are both straight lines on a
triangular composition diagram.
M
1
is the mixing point for Stage 1.
Since th
e stage is an
equilibrium-limited stage,
O
1
and
V
1
are in equilibrium. Therefore,
O
1
M
1
V
1
is a tie-line.
O
1
+
V
0
=
M
2
=
O
2
+
V
2
(Stage 2)
,
(5.2)
and by the same analysis as above,
O
1
M
2
V
0
and
O
2
M
2
V
2
are straight lines, and
O
2
M
2
V
2
is also a tie-line.
Graphically, this could be pictured in a triangular diagram (Figure 5.7).
M
1
and
M
2
are
located using stream flowrate ratios. The dashed lines represent the tie-lines.
Search WWH ::
Custom Search