Effects of the cultivation of genetically modified Bt crops on nontarget soil organisms - Microbial Ecology in Sustainable Agroecosystems - page 206

Table 8.9 Summary of the Effects of the Cultivation of Bt Crops or Amendment with Bt Protein on Selected Nontarget Lepidopteran and Aquatic
Insect Larvae (continued)

Species/
classification

Bt crop plant/
experimental variable

Organism(s) Study location Protein Effect on organism(s) Source

Common swallowtail
butterfly

Papilio machaon Laboratory Different densities of

pollen from Bt maize
(Event 176) applied to
leaf disks

Cry1Ab Consumption of Bt

pollen led to reduced
appetite, lower body
weight, and longer
larval development
time

Lang and
Vojtech
(2006)

Monarch butterfly
larvae

Danaus
plexippus

Laboratory Larvae exposed to

milkweed leaves with
no anthers, Bt maize
anthers, or non- Bt
anthers

Cry1Ab Larvae fed less and

weighed less when
exposed to Bt anthers,
likely due to
behavioral changes—
larvae tended to move
off the milkweed
leaves

Prasifka et al.
(2007)

Caddis flies Lepidostoma liba Laboratory Fed Bt and non- Bt

maize leaves

Cry1Ab Bt maize residue

reduced growth and
increased mortality of
nontarget stream
insects

Rosi-
Marshall et
al. (2007)

Aquatic insect larvae Chironomus

dilutus
(midge)

Laboratory Fed Bt protein from

maize root extracts

Cry3Bb1 After 10 days, a

significant decrease in
C. dilutus survival at
low Bt concentrations,
but no effect on
growth among
surviving larvae

Prihoda and
Coats (2008)

(continued)