Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
TableĀ 8.6
Effects of the Cultivation of
Bt
Crops or Amendment with
Bt
Protein on Nematodes
Organism/activity
tested
Bt
crop plant/
experimental variable
Methodology
Study location
Protein
Effect on organism(s)
Source
Trichostrongylus
colubriformis
Lethal dose 50
(LD
50
) tests
Laboratory
Spore-crystal
preparation of
B.t.
morrisoni
Not
specified
Bt
protein lethal
in
vitro
to eggs and
larvae of
T.
colubriformis
Meadows et
al. (1989a)
T. colubriformis
LD
50
tests
Laboratory
A crystal-rich
preparation of
B.t.
kurstaki
Not
specified
Bt
protein lethal to
first- and second-
stage larvae of
T.
colubriformi
Meadows et
al. (1989b)
Natural populations of
Turbatrix aceti
LD
50
tests
Laboratory
Nematodes fed
purified
Bt
protein:
B.t. israelensis, B.t.
kurstaki
,
and
B.t.
morrisoni
Cry1Ab
Negative effects on
nematode eggs and
juveniles
Meadows et
al. (1990)
Caenorhabditis elegans
LC
50
tests
Laboratory
Crystal-spore toxin
lysates
Cry5B
Cry6A
When fed
Bt
toxin,
C.
elegans
hermaphrodites
exhibited extensive
gut damage,
decreased fertility,
and death
Marroquin et
al. (2000)
Cry1Ab
No significant
differences in
nematode numbers
between soil with
Bt
and non-
Bt
maize or
soil amended with
Bt
maize biomass
Saxena and
Stotzky
(2001a)
Natural populations
Nematodes
extracted from
soil by the
Baermann
technique and
counted
Laboratory
Soil planted in
Bt
and
non-
Bt
maize
Soil amended with
Bt
maize biomass
(continued)
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