Humans in Work System Environment - Fundamentals and Assessment Tools for Occupational Ergonomics - page 87

structural levels
of work processes

procedural levels
of work processes

aspects of
human and work

broadest context
S7
cooperation
between companies

society
and
social and
labor politics

V6
work related
political action

medium context
S6
structure of the
factory

company
and company wide
organizational
measurement

V5
interaction of the
working actors

narrowest context
S5
structure of the
work group

work group
and
cooperative
processes

V4
cooperative
group work

subject system
S4
activity system of
a person

qualification,
motivation and
work content,
types of work

V3
motive related
activity

functional means of a person
S3
purpose oriented subsystems
(tasks)

tasks and
workplaces

V2
goal oriented
consciously
regulated action upper level of physical means

S2
productive subsystems
(sensomotorics)

willfully steered
organic systems
and tools /
work means

V1
sensomotoric
automatism
(operations)

lower level of physical means
S1
reproductive subsystems
of the body

autonomous
organic systems
and
work environment

FIGURE 5.13 Structural and procedural levels of working processes and assigned aspects for the modeling of
humans and work.

The focus of level S3 is on human tasks embedded in motive-related execution procedures in combi-
nation with systems analysis of workplaces. The concept of systems analysis and task analysis leads to a
variety of models — the goals operations methods selection rules (GOMS) model for human-computer
interaction, the work-factor-mento approach to visual inspection and, last but not least, the different
systems of predetermined times for manual assembly. The analytical and constructive “power” of
these models leads to a broad application in industry with millions of workplaces designed and operated
according to an optimization of time consumption in highly repetitive tasks.