Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
3 Principles of Soil
Management in
Neotropical Savannas
The Brazilian Cerrado
Yuri L. Zinn and Rattan Lal
CONTENTS
3.1 Neotropical Savannas and the Cerrado .......................................................... 58
3.1.1 Main Soils of the Cerrado and Soil Formation Factors ...................... 60
3.1.2 Oxisols ................................................................................................ 65
3.1.3 Quartzipsamments and Sandy Oxisols ............................................... 66
3.1.4 Ultisols ................................................................................................ 67
3.1.5 Other Relevant Soil Types .................................................................. 67
3.2 Principal Land Use and Soil Management Systems in the Cerrado ............... 69
3.2.1 Basic Tenets of Soil Management in the Cerrado .............................. 70
3.2.1.1 Clearance of Native Vegetation and Correction of Soil
Acidity .................................................................................. 70
3.2.1.2 Fertilization .......................................................................... 70
3.2.1.3 Soil Tillage and Seedbed Preparation .................................. 71
3.2.1.4 Crop Rotations ..................................................................... 71
3.2.2 Pastures ............................................................................................... 72
3.2.3 Annual Crops ...................................................................................... 74
3.2.4 Perennial Crops................................................................................... 76
3.2.5 Plantation Forests................................................................................ 77
3.2.6 Biofuel Crops ...................................................................................... 78
3.2.7 Crop/Livestock Integrations ............................................................... 79
3.3 Future Trends: Land Use, Research, and Environment .................................. 80
3.4 Conclusions ..................................................................................................... 82
Acknowledgments .................................................................................................... 82
Abbreviations ........................................................................................................... 82
References ................................................................................................................ 82
57
 
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