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FYM (10 t ha
-1
)
10 t FYM + 50% NPK
100% NPK
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Ye ar of cropping
FIGURE 16.13
PFP of NPK in finger millet with various nutrient management options
under rainfed conditions during 1978-2007. (From Srinivasarao, Ch.,
Indian J Fertil
, 7(4),
12 -25, 2011.)
16.12 SOC IN RELATION TO WATER RETENTION
AND WATER PRODUCTIVITY
Water productivity (grain yield per unit amount of rainfall) has been assessed for
six production systems in long-term manuring experiments of 13- to 27-year dura-
tion in different agroecological regions of India (Srinivasarao et al. 2009a). The data
indicated that INM involving use of chemical fertilizers along with organic manure
(FYM/CRs/GLM) increased WUE compared to unfertilized control or chemical
fertilizers (
Table 16.11
).
16.13 CARBON MANAGEMENT IN RAINFED PRODUCTION
SYSTEMS—EXPERIENCES FROM LONG-TERM
EXPERIMENTS IN SEMIARID TROPICS
Seven ongoing long-term experiments involving permanent manurial trials and
INM studies established under the auspices of All India Co-ordinated Research
Project for Dryland Agriculture (AICRPDA) are sited in six ecoregions in semi-
arid climates at Anantapur (Andhra Pradesh), Bangalore (Karnataka), Solapur
(Maharashtra), Indore (Madhya Pradesh), Sardar Krushinagar (Gujarat), and
Varanasi (Uttar Pradesh) (
Figure 16.14
). Details of the soil type, cropping systems,
and ecoregional characteristics are outlined in
Table 16.12
, and the cropping sys-
tems and manurial treatments are listed in
Table 16.13
. Common treatments across
seven experiments are control (no fertilizer or organics), 100% recommended dose
of fertilizers (RDFs), 50% RDF+ 50% organics, and 100% organics (Srinivasarao et
al. 2011e, 2012a,b,c,d,e,f). All treatments at each site have been laid out in triplicate
according to a randomized block design. Crop response and soil quality are briefly
described below.
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