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process needs some latency and a high performance CPU. TubTouch will reference
Touché in the future for various interaction designs.
The AquaTop display (Koike et al. 2012 ), previously mentioned in work related
to Bathonify, is also a surface computing system that does not use the capacitive
touch sensing technique. This system uses a depth camera to detect some finger and
hand gestures at the surface of the water in a bathtub. In order to display on the water
surface, a video projector is used, same as with TubTouch.
6.5.3
Bathcratch
Considerable research has been conducted on music systems and UIs for DJ
controllers, including inputs for scratching. For example there are experimental
turntables and wearable UIs such as the DJammer (Slayden et al. 2005 ), Music-
Glove (Hayafuchi and Suzuki 2008 ) and Wearable DJ System (Tomibayashi et al.
2009 ) that allow users to Air-DJ and scratch. Mixxx (Andersen 2003 ) uses AR-
ToolKit to implement an augmented reality turntable that can play various sounds.
D'Groove (Beamish et al. 2003 ) has a turntable with force feedback as well as a
DJ mixer that allows users to practice the fundamental techniques of DJing. Hansen
uses the Reactable as an UI for DJ scratching (Hansen et al. 2007 ; Hansen and
Alonso 2008 ). Fukuchi's system uses a capacitive multi-touch surface and allows
multi-track scratching (Fukuchi 2007 ). Another turntable controller that includes
commercial products for scratching is described in detail in Hansen's doctoral thesis
Hansen ( 2010 ).
In addition, some research has been conducted on utilizing acoustic sensing in a
UI. Scratch Input (Harrison and Hudson 2008 ) to detects scratching sounds and the
associated finger motions using a piezo microphone attached to a wall, table, etc.
Stane (Murray-Smith et al. 2008 ) attempted to the detection of vibrations when the
surface of a small device with built-in piezo sensors is scratched. The device also
used various input patterns that depended on the vibration length. Skinput (Harrison
et al. 2010 ) uses sounds and machine learning to implement a UI. The system uses the
human body itself as the UI by recognizing finger taps through vibrations transmitted
along the skin surface using a piezo film rolled around the upper arm. Lopes's system
(Lopes et al. 2011 ) uses the sounds of finger, knuckle, fingernail and punch touches,
in order to expand the input language of surface interaction.
6.6
Discussion
Japan has a unique bathing culture. A lot of people feel that bathrooms are amenity
spaces for refreshing the mind and relaxing. Half-body bathing is typical of this.
Hence, general bath modules in Japan have a feature to expand various functional-
ities with optional equipment; for instance, ceiling speakers for listening to music,
ceiling illuminations with spotlights for room effects, and mist generators for beauty
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