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part of the buildings mass like proposed by the
Fu and Johnson (2009) should be kept in mind.
The efficiency of tuned mass dampers is known,
so reliable predictions about the loadings to be
withstood without large damage are possible.
Simplified approaches are used throughout the
world of engineering. The idea of reducing high
buildings to some simple beam elements is not
new. Like every simplification, it neglects many
details that might be essential in the real structure
but are not included in the model. Experienced
engineers will use parametric studies to cover the
range of possible uncertainties without removing
any doubt about the incompleteness of the model.
An evolutionary optimization of the compen-
sating system of high buildings may be done by
the approach outlined. It produces many helpful
proposals about the number, position and dimen-
sion of compensators. Detailed studies of the build-
ing taking into account more parameters than the
floors' masses and stiffness help to understand the
real edifices' response to the earthquake excitation.
Chen, G., & Wu, J. (2001). Optimal placement of
multiple tuned mass dampers for reducing seismic
responses of buildings. Journal of Structural
Engineering , 127 (9), 1054-1062. doi:10.1061/
(ASCE)0733-9445(2001)127:9(1054)
Chopra, A. (2000). Dynamics of structures: Theory
and applications to earthquake engineering . Up-
per Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Den Hartog, J. P. (1956). Mechanical vibrations
(4th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Book
Company.
Eddy, N. (2005). Taipei 101's 730-ton tuned
mass damper. Retrieved February 1, 2011, from
http://www.popularmechanics.com/ technology/
gadgets/news/1612252
Fu, T. S., & Johnson, E. A. (2009). Control
strategies for a distributed mass damper system.
Proceedings of the American Control Confer-
ence, St. Louis, MO, USA, June 10-12, 2009
(pp. 3921-3925).
Gen, M., & Cheng, R. (2000). Genetic algorithms
& engineering optimization . New York, NY: John
Wiley & Sons.
REFERENCES
Bachmann, H., & Weber, B. (1995). Tuned vibra-
tion absorbers for “lively” structures. Journal
of the International Association for Bridge and
Structural Engineering , 5 (1), 31-36.
Han-Rok Ji, H., et al. (2005). Structural vibration
control using semiactive tuned mass damper. Pro-
ceedings of the Eighteenth KKCNN Symposium
on Civil Engineering-KAIST6, December 18-20,
2005, Taiwan.
Berkeley. (1995). Kobe earthquake 1995/01/16
20:46, Station Takarazuka . Retrieved February
1, 2011, from http://peer.berkeley.edu/ smcat/data/
ath/KOBE/TAZ-UP.AT2
Li, S. (2010). Evolutionary optimization of
earthquake resistance capacity for high build-
ings. Unpublished Master Thesis, University of
Reutlingen, Germany.
Bozorgnia, Y., & Bertero, V. (2004). Earthquake
engineering . London, UK: Taylor & Francis, CRC
Press. doi:10.1201/9780203486245
Meskouris, K., & Hinzen, K. (2003). Bauwerke und
Erdbeben: Grundlagen - Anwendung - Beispiele .
Wiesbaden, Germany: Vieweg +Teubner.
Brieger, S., Keller, U., & Steinbuch, R. (2008).
Advanced tools in structural optimization. Paper
presented at Advanced Problems in Mechanics -
2008 Conference, St. Petersburg, Russia.
Michalewicz, Z. (1996). Genetic algorithms +
data structures = Evolution programs . New York,
NY: Springer.
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