Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Genus Vibrio contains motile species characterized by a curved shape and a
distinctive polar flagellum. Many Vibrio species are pathogens for fish and
crustaceans. Vibrio cholerae is the cause of cholera, a particularly aggressive
enteritis. Sporadic cholera cases, in developed countries, most often occur
after ingesting undercooked seafood. Large outbreaks of cholera usually
result from poor sanitary conditions, with infected humans contaminating
the water supply. Worldwide, about 3 to 5 million people contract cholera,
annually. Other Vibrio species that are pathogenic in humans are Vibrio
parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus, both of which cause enteritis.
Infectious species:
Edwardsiella tarda (Edwardsiellosis)
Enterobacter aerogenes (opportunistic sepsis)
Enterobacter cloacae (urinary tract infections, respiratory tract infections)
Escherichia coli (food poisoning, enteritis)
Klebsiella oxytoca (colitis, sepsis)
Klebsiella pneumoniae (pneumonia)
Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis (rhinoscleroma)
Klebsiella granulomatis, formerly Calymmatobacterium granulomatis,
formerly Donovania granulomatis (granuloma inguinale, donovanosis,
granuloma venereum)
Morganella morganii (a wide variety of organ infections, and sepsis)
Plesiomonas
shigelloides
(gastroenteritis, developing into sepsis,
in
immune-compromised humans)
Proteus mirabilis (struvite renal stones, urinary tract infections)
Proteus penneri, formerly a substrain of Proteus vulgaris (nosocomial
urinary tract infections and sepsis)
Proteus vulgaris (nosocomial urinary tract infections and sepsis)
Providencia species (urinary tract infections, gastroenteritis, and bacteremia)
Providencia stuartii (purple urine bag syndrome)
Salmonella arizonae (salmonellosis)
Salmonella enteritidis (gastroenteritis)
Salmonella paratyphi A, B, C (paratyphoid fever)
Salmonella typhi, Salmonella enterica enterica, serovar Typhi (typhoid
fever)
Salmonella typhimurium (food poisoning)
Salmonella choleraesuis (food poisoning)
Shigella boydii (shigellosis, bacillary dysentery)
Shigella dysenteriae (shigellosis, bacillary dysentery)
Shigella flexneri (shigellosis, bacillary dysentery)
Shigella sonnei (shigellosis, bacillary dysentery)
Yersinia enterocolitica (yersiniosis, occasionally included with Shigella
species as a cause of bacillary dysentery)
Yersinia pestis (plague)
