Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
confusion, in the USA, Strongyloides stercoralis is known as threadworm: in
the UK, it is known as pinworm.
Chapter 29, Chelicerata
Most members of Class Chelicerata are non-
infectious in humans. Only two genera of Class Chelicerata live in, or on,
humans, and both genera belong to the subclass of arachnids named Class
Acari, which includes mites and ticks. Readers should not confuse mites and
ticks with insects. Insects are members of Class Hexapoda (Chapter 30).
Chapter 30, Hexapoda
Class Hemiptera are the so-called “true bugs.”
They are distinguished from other insects by the shape of their mouth parts,
which are shaped as a proboscis and covered by a labial sheath. The mouth
parts of Class Hemiptera are designed for sucking. Class Hemiptera includes
cicadas and aphids. The triatome species that are vectors for Trypanosoma
cruzi (Euglenozoa, Chapter 17) are members of Class Hemiptera.
Chapter 31, Crustacea
One of the more confusing terms associated
with pentastomiasis is “porocephaliasis,” named for a pentastome genus,
Porocephalus. The genus “Porocephalus” and the infection “porocephaliasis”
should not be confused with “porocephaly,” a rare developmental disorder in
which cysts or cavities are found in the brains of infants.
Chapter 36, Ascomycota
Readers should be alerted that the term
“Candida” is a source of some taxonomic confusion: candida, in Latin,
means white. Many organisms are white, and have taken “candida” as part
of a binomial name. Though there is only one Genus Candida (the fungus),
there are many species named candida, particularly in Kingdom Plantae. For
example, there are three M. candida species: Mammilloydia candida, a cactus;
Miltonia candida, an orchid; and Masdevallia candida, another orchid.
Chapter 36, Ascomycota
Readers should remember not to confuse
Microsporum with Microspora, a genus in Class Microsporaceae, a
Chlorophyte. It is also important not to confuse Microsporum with the fun-
gus of Genus Microsporidium (Class Microsporidia, Chapter 37).
Chapter 36, Ascomycota
Readers should not assume that Lobo's dis-
ease is caused by a member of Class Lobosea, a subclass of amoebozoans
that includes Genus Acanthaemoeba (Chapter 22). Lobo's disease is caused
by Lacazia loboi, an ascomycote fungus.
Chapter 37, Microsporidia
It is important not to confuse microspori-
diosis with cryptosporidiosis, an apicomplexan disease (Apicomplexa,
Chapter 19), that also produces diarrhea in immune-compromised patients.
Chapter 40, Group II Viruses
Bocavirus should not be confused with
Bocas virus, a type of Coronavirus (Group IV, Chapter 42).
Chapter 42, Group IV Viruses
Hepevirus should not be confused with
the orthographically similar “herpesvirus.” Also, readers should not confuse
Class Hepeviridae (hepatitis E virus) with Class Hepacivirus, a subclass of
Class Flaviviridae that contains the Hepatitis C virus. Neither of these Group
IV subclasses should be confused with Class Hepadnaviridae (Group VII,
Chapter 45).
